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Introduction to Geography

What is Geography?
Watch: Pause at 2:30
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Watch to 1:20
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What do Geographers do?

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GEOGRAPHICAL CONCEPTS  - SPICESS
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 Space: the significance of location and spatial distribution, and ways people organise and manage the spaces that we live in eg spatial distribution of landscapes, global water resources and natural hazards; how location influences the ways people organise places.
• Place: the significance of places and what they are like eg factors influencing people’s perceptions of places; the special significance place has to some people; the effect of global trade, transport, information and communication technologies on places across the world.
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 Interconnection: no object of geographical study can be viewed in isolation eg how people are affected by the environment with regard to landscapes, climate, natural hazards and the liveability of places; how people affect the environment such as people’s use of water on its quality and availability as a resource.
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 Change: explaining geographical phenomena by investigating how they have developed over time eg changes to resources, landscapes and places over time through natural and human geographical processes and events; the effect of management strategies in reducing the impact of natural and human geographical processes.
• Environment: the significance of the environment in human life, and the important interrelationships between humans and the environment eg processes that form and transform landscapes and landforms across the world; the aesthetic, cultural, spiritual and economic value of environments to people; the effect of human activities on natural and human environments.
• Scale: the way that geographical phenomena and problems can be examined at different spatial levels eg management of geographical challenges across a range of scales from local to global; responses and actions undertaken by governments, organisations and individuals; communities operating at local to global scales.
• Sustainability: the capacity of the environment to continue to support our lives and the lives of other living creatures into the future eg pressures on the Earth’s water resources and landscapes; the need to manage environments for a long-term future; sustainable management approaches.


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​GEOGRAPHICAL TOOLS 
Examples may include:

Maps – M
• sketch maps, relief maps, political maps, topographic maps, flowline maps, choropleth maps, isoline maps, précis maps, cultural mapping, cartograms, synoptic charts
• maps to identify direction, scale and distance, area and grid references, latitude and longitude, altitude, area, contour lines, gradient, local relief
Fieldwork – F
• observing, measuring, collecting and recording data, developing and conducting surveys and interviews
• fieldwork instruments such as weather instruments, vegetation identification charts, compasses, GPS, GIS
Graphs and statistics – GS
• data tables, pie graphs, column graphs, compound column graphs, line graphs, climate graphs, population profiles, multiple tables and graphs presented on a geographical theme, statistics to find patterns and trends
Spatial technologies – ST
• virtual maps, satellite images, global positioning systems (GPS), geographic information systems (GIS)
Visual representations – VR
• photographs, aerial photographs, illustrations, flow charts, annotated diagrams, multimedia, field sketches, cartoons, web and app tools



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The Earth's Spheres

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Watch:
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Human Geography
Things made by people are said to be the HUMAN ELEMENTS of environments. It issometimes known as the built environment.
Agricultural - Farms, Gardens
Industrial - Factories
Settlements - Cities, Towns
Economic - Money, Shops
Political - Council, Government
Sociocultural - Theatres, Churches
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Watch: What is human geography?
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**Landscapes & Landforms**
Watch: Landforms: Crash Course 
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landscapes_and_landforms_.pptx
File Size: 14447 kb
File Type: pptx
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Student Workbook

landscapes_and_landforms_student_booklet.docx
File Size: 5697 kb
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Plate Tectonics
Watch:

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Mountain Landscapes
mountain_landscapes.pptx
File Size: 15283 kb
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Processes That Transform Landscapes
processes_that_transform_landscapes.pptx
File Size: 6544 kb
File Type: pptx
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Watch: Weathering and Erosion: Crash Course
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Watch: Weathering and Erosion Song

Worksheet


Valuing, Managing and Protecting Landscapes & Landforms
























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1. What are the four types of deserts?
2. Where are Subtropical Deserts are found?
3. Where are semi-arid deserts found?
4. Where do coastal deserts form?
5. Where are Polar deserts found?
6. Why are deserts becoming less habitable?
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